The article presents the state’s defense obligations. They belong to the basic functions of the state. Given the above, it is important to emphasize clearly that one of the basic duties of the state is to ensure its defense and the security of its citizens, as reflected in the content of art. 5 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of April 2, 1997. Subsequently, an analysis was made of the system of public administration through the prism of accomplishing certain tasks in the area of defense of the state. It included its territorial structure and division into government and self-government administration and the specific nature of this task.